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"proxy" refers to a proxy server "proxy" refers to proxy servers. A proxy or proxy server. A proxy server is software that acts acting as a mediator between client and a server via the internet. Without the proxy, a client would send a request for any source directly to the server and it would deliver the resource directly back for the client. It's not hard to understand and implement, adding proxies provides advantages in the form of increased security, performance, privacy and more. As a pass-through layer, proxies serve as a security barrier on the internet between clients and servers.




It is generally accepted that the combination of hardware used by servers and installed proxy software is also often referred to as proxy servers. However, this article will focus on proxy servers that are typically described as software as well as the ones used together with web servers. The article will provide a description of two types of proxy servers, specifically forward proxy and reverse proxy. forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. Each type has its own usage, which can be confusing due to the overlapping terminology.




This article will provide you with an idea of the nature of proxies and their subtypes are, as well as their importance in typical settings. If you go through this article, you will be able to discern the situations where an effective proxy is useful, and choose the most appropriate option between forward and reverse proxy, in any scenario.



Understanding Forward Proxies



In other words, a forward proxy sometimes referred to as or an open proxy is an agent for the user trying to send an online request to a source server. In this scenario, every attempt to send requests made by the user will be directed via the forward proxy. In this situation, the forward proxy acting on behalf of the client will examine the request. At the beginning, it will decide whether clients are authorized make requests via this particular forward proxy. It will then either deny requests or redirect it to its source server. The client is not able to have an internet connection directly; it has access only to what forward proxy allows it to connect to.




The primary reason for people to use forward proxies is to provide more privacy or security online. Forward proxy accesses the internet for the individual client. And in this way, it may make use of an IP address different from the IP of the user.




Based on the way it's configured depending on the way it's set up, forward proxy could provide a variety of functions as well as the capability of:




Beware of ad-tracker.


Circumvent surveillance.


You will be able to identify any limitations based on your location.




Forward proxies also are employed in systems to offer central security, as well as access granted on a permission basis, like in the workplace. When all traffic on the internet flows through an open forward proxy layer, administrators can allow only a handful of clients connection to internet that is blocked by a common firewall. Instead of putting firewalls in this layer that may be used by multiple computer that have different configurations, users the firewall can be added to this forward proxy layer.




Keep in mind the fact that forward proxy servers have to be manually setup before they are able to be used while reverse proxy servers could be ignored by clients. Based on whether or not an IP address from the user is transmitted to the origin server by the forward proxy, privacy and anonymity could be granted or kept in the dark.




There are many possibilities to think about for forward proxies.




Apache The Apache is a well-known open source web server which provides forward proxy capabilities.


Nginx: Another well-known open-source webserver that comes with forward proxy capability.


Squid is an open-source forward proxy using the HTTP protocol. It doesn't provide the full Web server platform. We recommend you read our article on the best method to install Squid proxy to connect private networks for Ubuntu 20.04. Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante forward proxy, which uses on the SOCKS protocol, instead of HTTP which makes it more to handle situations like peer-to-peer communication. You can also research how to configure Dante proxy for private connections in Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



Reverse proxy acts in the capacity of an agent on a web server. It manages requests received by clients on its behalf. This web server can serve as a one server or a number of servers. It can also comprise an application server, like Gunicorn. In either of these scenarios the request may come from a user on the internet at large. In most cases, the request will be sent directly to the web server that holds the data the user is seeking. Contrarily, a reverse proxy acts as an intermediary, isolating the web server from direct contact with the internet's open.




From the viewpoint of the client, interacting via reverse proxy doesn't differ than interacting with an internet server direct. It's the same thing but the client can't discern the distinction. The client asks for the resource, and is then provided with it, with no further configuration required from the user.




Reverse proxy providers provide features like:




Security centralized on webservers.


The direction of traffic coming in is based upon rules that you set up.


Additional functions to cache data.




Central security is an advantage of both forward and reverse proxies, reverse proxies provide this feature to that layer on the webserver rather than the client layer. instead of maintaining firewalls at the server level which may include multiple servers with various configurations, the bulk of firewall security is directed at the reverse proxy layer. Additionally, removing the burden of dealing with firewalls and coordinating requests by clients away from web servers allows the firewall to focus on supplying resources.




In the event of multiple servers operating behind a reverse proxy, the reverse proxy can also be in charge of directing which requests go towards which servers. Multiple web servers might be operating within the same system, serving different types of resources or a mixture of the two. The servers employ an HTTP protocol to perform the role of an ordinary web server. However, they can be equipped with other protocols for application servers such as FastCGI. You can set up a reverse proxy to route the clients to specific servers based on the resource being requested or to comply with specific rules for the amount of traffic.




Reverse proxies are also able to make use of their position ahead of web servers by using caching features. The large static files can be configured using caching rules to avoid hitting web servers every request, with some solutions that allow you to serve static content directly, without needing to connect to the web server in any way. In addition reverse proxy can be capable of compressing these assets.




The well-known Nginx web server also functions as a reliable reverse proxy option. While Apache is also a reverse proxy service, this Apache website server additionally includes reverse proxy functionality, it is an additional option for Apache while Nginx was designed initially for and concentrates specifically on reverse proxy capabilities.



Differentiating Forward Proxy and Reverse Proxy Use Situations



Because "forward" and "reverse" are associated with the notion of directionality and false comparisons to "incoming" as well as "outgoing" traffic the names could be confusing as both types of proxies can handle both requests and responses. Better yet, the best method of separating the reverse as well as forward proxy services is to think about the needs of the application that you're developing.




A reverse proxy can be beneficial when you're developing a solution to serve websites on the internet. They serve as your web servers in any interactions through the Internet.




Forward proxy can be useful when presented to clients for personal use or in a corporate setting. They act as a representative of your customers for any interaction on the internet.




A case-based distinction instead of focusing on similar naming conventions will assist you in avoiding confusion.



Conclusion



This article explains what a "proxy" is with the two major types of proxies being the forward proxy and reverse proxy. Practical scenarios for its use and an exploration of beneficial characteristics were used to define the two types of proxies both reverse and forward. If you're interested exploring how to make proxies work, read our tutorial on how to set up Nginx as an HTTP server and reverse proxy for Apache on one Ubuntu 20.04 Server.



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