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It is an proxy which is also known as a proxy server. It's a software that serves in the role of a intermediary between client and server over the internet. Without the use of a proxy, clients would be able to make a request for every resource straight to the server and then the server would deliver the resource directly for the client. While this approach is straightforward to understand and implement, the addition of proxy servers can offer advantages in terms of increased performance as well as privacy, security and many more. As a pass-through layer a proxy is a security guardian of the internet between clients and servers.




The consensus is that the combination of server hardware as well as software for proxy installation is often referred too as proxy servers. However, this article will be focusing on proxy servers which are generally classified as software, as well as when referring to web servers. There will be a discussion of the two main types, namely which are a forward proxy and reverse proxy. reverse proxy. They each have their own usage situation, and is often not understood due to the similar terms.




This article will provide you with some understanding about the different types of proxy and the subtypes of them and how they function in common configurations. After reading this article, you'll be able determine the situations that you can gain from a proxy and then select the most appropriate forward and reverse proxy in each circumstance.



Understanding Forward Proxies



The forward proxy also known by the name of open proxy. open proxy acts as the representative of a user who would like to forward a request over the internet to a source server. In this instance, the whole attempt to send requests by the user will be forwarded by the forward-proxy. This forward proxy, acting in the client's stead, will scrutinize the request. The first step is to determine if the client is permitted to accept requests through this specific forward proxy. Then, it decides to reject an request and forward it to its origin server. The client isn't allowed an internet connection directly. It has access to only what forward proxy permits for it to be connected to.




A popular use for forward proxy is to achieve more privacy or security online. Forward proxy can be used to access the internet lieu of a client, and as such it could make use of an IP address that is different from the initial IP address.




Depending on how it has been configured, the forward proxy will provide different functions, based on how it is configured and lets you:




Beware of ads that track you.


Circumvent surveillance.


Find restrictions based on the location you are in.




Forward proxies can also be used for security systems that are centralized and permission-based access such as at work. Every internet connection can go by an open forward proxy. an administrator could permit just a few users online access using a common firewall. Instead of setting up firewalls at the layer of clients, which could comprise a range of devices with various configurations and users, a firewall could be set up on top of an intermediate layer of forward proxy.




It is vital to note that forward proxies must be set up manually for use, however reverse proxy servers will remain unnoticed by clients. Based on the fact that the IP address of the user is sent to the server that originated it from forward proxy privacy and anonymity may be granted, or if it is left unnoticed.




There are numerous possibilities to look into forward proxy options




Apache: A popular open-source web server which provides forward-looking proxy services.


Nginx is another popular open-source webserver that comes with forward proxy features.


Squid is an open-source forward proxy that utilizes an HTTP protocol. It isn't an all-inclusive web server application. We have a instructions on setting up Squid proxy to connect privately in Ubuntu 20.04.


Dante Forward Proxy that utilizes the SOCKS protocol instead of HTTP which makes it better suitable for situations such as peer-to-peer traffic. It's also worth taking a look investigate how to set up a Dante proxy for private connections in Ubuntu 20.04



Understanding Reverse Proxies



Reverse proxy is the web server, which handles requests from clients instead. Web servers can function as a single server, or as a set of servers. It can also function as an app server such as Gunicorn. In either of these scenarios the request is made by a customer via the internet. The request is typically directed directly to the web server, which has the resources that the user wants. A reverse proxy works as an intermediary, separating it from direct contact with the open internet.




From the viewpoint of the client, interacting via reverse proxy isn't different from interacting with your webserver directly. It's essentially the same, and the user cannot discern the distinction. The client makes an request for a resource, which is followed by receiving it, without any additional configuration needed by the user.




Reverse proxies offer features like:




Security centralized for web servers.


Directing traffic according to the rules you decide to define.


Additional features for caching.




Although centralized security is an advantage of both forward and reverse proxy servers. Reverse proxy servers provide this benefit to those who use the server layer, but not to the client layer. Instead of the maintenance of firewalls in the layer of web servers, that can include multiple servers with various configurations, the majority of firewall security could be centered at the reverse proxy layer. Additionally, getting rid of the responsibility of communicating with firewalls and communicating with requests from clients away from web servers allows them to focus on serving the resources.




If there are multiple servers operating through a reverse proxy The reverse proxy determines how requests are routed which server. There could be multiple web servers offering the identical service, and each offering various kinds of resources or a mix of the two. They may use the HTTP protocol for a traditional web server, however, they could also incorporate protocols for application servers like FastCGI. You can create a reverse proxy to route customers to specific servers depending on the resource they request or to observe certain rules regarding traffic volume.




Reverse proxies also can profit by their position on top of web servers, as they provide caching functionality. Large static assets can be configured using caching rules to prevent from hitting web servers with every request. Certain solutions allowing you to deliver static files without having to connect to a web server even once. In addition, the reverse proxy can handle the compression of these assets.




The well-known Nginx website server also a highly well-known reverse proxy solution. While Apache can also be a reverse proxy option, it is not a reverse proxy solution. Apache web server does have reverse proxy functions as an option that can be added to Apache and Nginx was designed originally for and focused on reverse proxy functionality.



Differentiating Forward Proxy and reverse Proxy Use. Differentiating Forward and Reverse Proxy Utilization



Because "forward" and "reverse" are associated with the notion of directionality, as well as false connections to "incoming" as well as "outgoing" traffic These labels are prone to confusion since both kinds of proxy deal with requests and responses. In addition, the most effective method of separating between forward and reverse proxy is to look at the specifications of the application you're working on.




Reverse proxy is a crucial aspect when designing a solution to host web-based applications via the internet. They are your web servers in any interaction with the internet.




Forward proxy can be useful for use in front of clients for personal usage, or in a working environment. They act as your client's proxy for any interaction on the internet.




The use case-based differentiation as opposed to focusing only on common naming conventions will help avoid confusion.



Conclusion



The article clarified the definition of a proxy with the two primary types being the forward proxy and reverse proxy. Practical scenarios for use and a review of the most useful features were utilized to distinguish forward proxies and reverse proxies. If you're looking to know more about the advantages of proxies, then you should check out our guide on how to install Nginx as an internet server and reverse proxy with Apache in an Ubuntu 20.04 Server.



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